Electric vehicle power battery mainly refers to the electric vehicle used in the family and similar places, as its power source of all kinds of batteries. According to the battery material classification mainly: lead acid battery, file ion battery, etc. According to the application of the main classification: family electric vehicle power battery, special occasions with electric vehicle power battery. At present, People's Daily contact, the use of electric vehicles, almost all are electric bicycles, therefore, usually we put the electric bicycle power battery referred to as the electric vehicle battery, which is the general sense of the electric vehicle power battery.
At present, there are two main types of electric vehicle power battery: lead acid battery and lithium ion battery. In China, lead-acid batteries belong to production license management products, must obtain the approval of the relevant departments before production, products must be marked with "production license" and "QS" logo. Lead-acid battery is a traditional electric vehicle power energy, has been used in electric vehicles for more than 20 years, product technology has been quite mature, the application rate of more than 98%. Lead-acid batteries used for electric bicycles are generally composed of a number of 12V batteries. The voltage of the battery string consists of 36V and 48V, and the capacity does not exceed 20Ah.
The application of lithium ion battery in electric vehicles is less than 10 years, and as a new energy product, lithium ion battery technology is not perfect, safety performance remains to be improved, the current application scope is small. The cathode materials of lithium ion batteries used in electric bicycles are mainly lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate and ternary materials. The shell is mainly in the form of steel shell or aluminum shell, and the shape is mainly square soft shell, square hard shell and cylindrical.
China's lead acid battery production is mainly concentrated in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hebei, Guangdong, Hubei, Shandong area, these areas of lead acid battery production accounts for more than 90% of the country. Before 2011, there were about 1,200 enterprises with lead-acid battery production licenses in China. After environmental protection regulation since 2011, there were about 300 normal production enterprises.
After years of development, our country has basically formed the production base of lead acid electric vehicle power battery mainly in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. At present, tianeng and CHAOwei in Changxing, Zhejiang province alone account for more than 70 percent of the national production of such batteries.
The production of lithium ion battery in China accounts for more than 30% of the world, and shows a trend of increasing year by year. About 3 billion lithium-ion batteries were produced in China in 2011. Domestic lithium electric vehicle power battery industry is mainly distributed in the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and Bohai Rim region, in addition to Henan, Fujian, Harbin also a little distribution. Lithium-ion batteries for electric bicycles are mainly produced by Suzhou Xingheng, BIC, Tianjin Lishen, ATL New Energy, BYD, Harbin Guangyu and so on.
In recent years, China's electric vehicle power battery industry has been a great development, product types continue to increase, quality continues to improve. Compared with the development of foreign battery industry, domestic is more creative formation of electric bicycle lead-acid battery this new battery type, better adapt to the masses of people's travel, consumption needs, but at the same time, China's electric vehicle power battery industry is still to be further improved and developed.
Battery industry concentration is low. In China, electric vehicle power battery production enterprises have reached thousands, although after the industry internal reshuffle, especially environmental remediation stage, there are still hundreds of production enterprises. Compared with the highly concentrated battery industry in foreign countries, the number of battery enterprises in China is large, the scale is small, and they are still in a decentralized state, which cannot reach the scale concentration degree of foreign battery enterprises. The industrial concentration degree needs to be improved urgently.
