Since lead-acid batteries were popularized early, they still occupy a large proportion in the market. However, with the increasing maturity of lithium battery technology, the cost has also started to be significantly reduced, and many electric vehicles with lead-acid batteries from the factory are gradually upgraded to lithium batteries.
For the ordinary lead-acid batteries on the market, lithium batteries have the following ten advantages: long cycle life, good discharge performance at low temperature, strong charge retention capacity, high range, high energy, wide operating temperature range, short charging time, high green performance, high current discharge, high current discharge does not affect the life. When choosing a lithium battery, you should also be extremely careful. Only the high-volume, multiple life-cycle, long-term market test verification of lithium batteries are the most safe and reliable.
After the fire of new energy vehicles, the power battery, whose cost accounts for about 40% of electric vehicles, is the most core assembly component of electric vehicles, and may also be the biggest obstacle to the popularization and development of electric vehicles. On the one hand, it is the technical bottleneck limitation of electric vehicle power battery, which leads to short single range of electric vehicle and long electric energy recharge time; on the other hand, it is the high cost of electric vehicle power battery, especially after the removal of subsidy, which has a great impact on the price of the whole vehicle.
From the use of the proportion, the proportion of electric vehicles equipped with lead-acid batteries will far exceed that of lithium-ion vehicles, if electric vehicles want to fully enter the lithium-ion era, it means that the vast majority of lead-acid electric vehicles will be replaced with lithium-ion vehicles, and this obviously users will not buy. Therefore, from this point of view, the electric car will not enter the lithium battery era in a short time.
From the point of view of production cost, lithium battery is more complicated due to the production process, coupled with the immaturity of technology, high labor cost, resulting in its higher production cost. The lead-acid battery process is mature, labor costs are relatively low, and the production cost will be lower. Generally speaking, the price of a lithium battery will be three times that of a lead-acid battery, and many users prefer to choose lead-acid batteries. Therefore, from this point of view, electric vehicles will not enter the era of lithium battery in a short time.
The difference between lead-acid / lithium battery electric car
1, durability / battery life: lead-acid battery life is generally about 2 years, while lithium batteries are more durable, life more than 4-5 years; and lead-acid battery cycle fully charged and discharged generally within 300 times, while lithium batteries are fully charged and discharged cycle times more than 500 times.
2, lithium battery in comparison with lead-acid battery volume and quality is much smaller, usually, lead-acid battery pack weight in 16-30 kg, larger volume; and lithium battery weight is generally in 2.5-3.0 kg, relatively small volume, so riding light, handling is also convenient. General lithium battery electric car is light and beautiful, easy to move, many lithium battery electric car can also be folded.
3, electric car spontaneous combustion explosion often happens, most of them are caused by battery charging and discharging. Once the lead-acid battery is overcharged, it will increase the chance of explosion, and the lead-acid battery on the market does not do any "overcharge protection", which makes the charging of the lead-acid battery, especially at the end of charging, extremely dangerous.
4, driving kilometers / battery capacity: the same 48V battery in the case of fully charged, lead-acid battery and lithium battery electric car can travel 30-40 km, the speed depends mainly on the size of the motor used. The capacity of lead-acid battery is about 20 amp hours; the capacity of lithium battery is any configuration.
In the background of the state emphasizing the use of lithium batteries for low-speed electric vehicles, the price of lithium batteries must have dropped. Although the lithium battery technology is mature, but the domestic manufacturers of lithium battery cathode material technology has not yet reached the stage of low-cost research and development of lithium batteries, the next three to five years, I am afraid that the price of lithium batteries is difficult to compete with lead-acid batteries. From the price and policy point of view, the future of low-speed electric vehicles lithium, replace the lead-acid battery is the trend, but there will be a longer process.
Lead-acid battery is more stable and easier to be accepted by users because of its mature technology and its characteristics. The lithium battery is still a new product in the electric vehicle industry, and the support in all aspects is not very perfect. Therefore, its stability is not as good as that of lead-acid battery, and it is not easy to be accepted by users. Therefore, from this point of view, electric vehicles will not enter the lithium battery era in a short time.
In short, although now has entered the new national standard era, but due to these factors, electric vehicles in a short period of time will not fully enter the lithium battery era, and lead-acid batteries will still be the mainstream. But with the continuous progress of lithium technology, and the continuous improvement of production support, the production cost of lithium battery will be reduced, and the proportion of lithium car will be increased at this time.
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