Lithium-ion battery as a high-performance secondary green battery, with high operating voltage, high energy density, small self-discharge rate, no memory effect, small size and other advantages. The following is an introduction to the advantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries and battery materials and costs.
The advantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries
1, longer service life
Currently on the market most of the mobile power used inside the lithium-ion battery cells, the cycle life is basically 500 times -800 times, while lithium iron phosphate batteries have at least 2000 times the service life, and its capacity can also be maintained at more than 80%.
2, a wide range of operating temperatures
Compared to other lithium batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries have a greater range of operating temperatures, in -20 ° C to +75 ° C can work normally, some have high-temperature characteristics of lithium iron phosphate batteries can also work normally in the range of 350 ° C to 500 ° C.
3, the use of safe
Lithium iron phosphate completely solved the lithium cobalt and lithium manganate safety problems, lithium cobalt and lithium manganate in a strong collision will produce an explosion on the safety of consumers' lives, and lithium iron phosphate after rigorous safety testing even in the worst traffic accidents will not produce an explosion can be the most characteristic lithium battery.
Lithium iron phosphate battery material analysis
Lithium iron phosphate is a major lithium-ion battery cathode material, although lithium iron phosphate material from the thermodynamic aspect, its thermal stability and structural stability is currently the highest of all cathode materials, and in the actual safety performance tests have been verified, but from the material and the possibility and probability of short-circuiting within the battery, it may be the most unsafe.
From the aspect of lithium iron phosphate battery preparation, due to the lithium iron phosphate nanoscale particles are small, high specific surface area, and due to the use of carbon cladding process, high specific surface area of activated carbon has a strong adsorption of moisture and other gases in the air, resulting in poor electrode processing performance, poor adhesion of the binder to its nanoparticles. Whether in the battery preparation process or during the charge/discharge cycle and storage of the battery, the nanoparticles are easy to detach from the electrode, causing internal micro-short circuit of the battery.
Cost analysis of lithium iron phosphate batteries
In 2015-2016, the market share of lithium iron phosphate batteries was as high as about 70%. However, with the national new energy vehicle subsidies gradually tilted to high energy density and high range products, the market share of lithium iron phosphate batteries gradually declined. 2017 and 2018 two years, lithium iron phosphate market share fell to 45% and 39%, respectively.
Lithium iron phosphate as a typical energy storage technology with high comprehensive performance for commercial application, the system energy cost is 1.5 ~ 2.3 million yuan / MWh, and in the future, with the development of low-cost innovative battery structure and process, its cost has room to continue to decline. After the subsidies are receding, lithium iron phosphate battery cost advantage gradually highlighted. At present, the market offer of lithium iron phosphate battery cells has dropped to less than 0.7 yuan / Wh.
If in the case of using a single lithium iron phosphate battery, then in the future in the field of mobile power, lithium iron phosphate development space is very broad, because its higher safety capacity to allow users not to worry about the "carry-on bomb" problem, and support for high-current charging can also significantly shorten the waiting time when charging. Together with the long service life, the cost in actual use is lower than lithium cobalt and lithium manganate.
