The design features of Tesla's BMS battery management system. The world's most famous Tesla electric car has a unique design concept in the battery management system BMS. BMS is very important to the importance of electric vehicles. If you compare electric vehicles to the human body, then the battery system is the heart, and BMS is the brain that governs the operation of the body.
The BMS battery management system always manages the battery status. The quality of the battery management system directly affects the performance of the battery and affects the performance of the entire vehicle system. The main task of the BMS system is to detect and ensure battery safety. To some extent, the status of BMS in the battery pack is even higher than that of the battery body.
Design features of Tesla BMS battery management system
Tesla's battery management system BMS adopts a master-slave architecture design, and the master controller (BMU) is responsible for functions such as high voltage, insulation detection, high voltage interlock, contactor control, and external communication. The slave controller (BMB) is responsible for cell voltage and temperature detection and reports to the BMU.
The BMU has a dual-MCU design with a primary and secondary MCU, and the secondary MCU can detect the working status of the main MCU and obtain control authority once it is found to be invalid. A manual reset button is designed on the Tesla battery management system BMS. As an automotive product-level ECU, the manual reset button of the Tesla battery management system BMS is more like a computer motherboard. It is also a bold design for the designer of the battery management system BMS to directly place the pre-charged contactor with excessive current on the BMU.
The current sampling in the Tesla battery management system BMS only uses an industrial-grade Shunt shunt resistor to communicate with the BMU through the SPI bus. The MVR series resistors produced by MICROHM also provide similar power battery solutions. The shunt and Hall double backup measures produced by MICROHM can be used as the solution.
Tesla's battery management system BMS has made innovations in many designs. MICROHM is in the battery management system BMS solution. The MVR series product BMS can improve the utilization of the battery, prevent the battery from overcharging and over-discharging, and prolong the service life of the battery. , And monitor the status of the battery.
Through its powerful BMS system, Tesla can effectively achieve the consistency management of more than 7000 18650 batteries, achieving high safety and reliability goals. In battery cooling, safety, charge balance and other BMS-related fields, Tesla has applied for more than 140 core patents, which has also created Tesla's super core competitiveness.
Problems in the field of BMS battery management systems in my country
At present, due to the lack of technical parameters and standards or lagging behind international standards in the BMS field in my country, the lack of authoritative organizations to certify BMS products has resulted in uneven BMS products on the market. The test results of many companies' single and small module batteries meet the safety and performance indicators, but once they are grouped, the test results are very different, showing that it is difficult to guarantee the quality of safety, life, discharge capacity, and other aspects.
The domestic BMS battery management system technology is not mature enough. Although the level of related technologies has been greatly improved in recent years, and many aspects have entered the practical application stage, there is still room for improvement in data reliability, SOC estimation accuracy, and safety management.
BMS technology is related to the smooth development of the new energy automobile industry. BMS has a very high technical threshold. Only after a long period of research and development and experience accumulation can we produce truly high-quality BMS products.
The structure of Tesla's BMS battery system is extremely complex and sophisticated. In order to facilitate the placement of the heat dissipation pipelines in the battery pack, the single battery packs are arranged irregularly. Experiments show that Tesla's battery management system is the most mature system today.
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