Temperature control is the key to ensure that energy storage operates in a suitable temperature and humidity environment and avoid thermal runaway and safety accidents; temperature control is related to important performance indicators such as battery capacity failure and life decay, thus affecting the full life cycle economy of energy storage systems; The energy storage system is developing towards large capacity and high rate, the heat production of the energy storage system will continue to rise, and the demand for temperature control will continue to increase.
The energy storage temperature control technology is mainly air-cooled and liquid-cooled, and the heat pipe and phase change are under research: the forced air-cooling technology is mature, and the air duct design is the key point; the liquid cooling has better heat dissipation performance, and the customized design of the flow channel is the difficulty; , phase transition are in the research stage and have not yet been used in battery energy storage systems.
Air cooling has a high market penetration rate at this stage, and the promotion of liquid cooling products has increased: Benefiting from better technical economy, higher reliability, and low requirements for energy storage and cooling power in the initial stage, air cooling currently occupies a relatively high penetration rate. However, mainstream companies such as CATL, Sungrow and BYD have begun to increase the promotion of liquid cooling products.
The penetration rate of liquid cooling is expected to increase, and air cooling still has a place: the choice of energy storage temperature control technology is the result of comprehensive consideration of factors such as cooling power demand, project cost sensitivity, battery pack design, and energy storage operating environment, rather than simply considering cooling performance. So there is still a place for air cooling. Driven by factors such as improved energy storage profitability, increased demand for large-scale energy storage such as peak and frequency regulation, and attention to full-life-cycle economy, the penetration rate of liquid cooling is expected to increase.
The temperature control technology has the same origin, and energy storage temperature control companies generally start from other tracks: energy storage is still in its early stage, and energy storage temperature control companies all start from other tracks, mainly precision temperature control companies and new energy vehicle temperature control companies. , Industrial temperature control enterprises are the main industries.
In terms of energy storage temperature control, large-scale energy storage is the main track for energy storage temperature control: large-scale energy storage is the key to the larger-scale development of energy storage, and it is expected to maintain a high proportion. Large-scale energy storage has the characteristics of large capacity and complex operating environment, which requires higher temperature control system and is expected to increase the proportion of liquid cooling. The development of industrial and commercial energy storage is driven by economy and needs to be equipped with a temperature control system to solve the problem of heat dissipation; home storage is mainly used to save household electricity expenses, and has the characteristics of small capacity and low utilization frequency, and has relatively little demand for temperature control.
In terms of IDC temperature control, "East Digital and Western Computing" adds more impetus to the industry, and low PUE boosts the penetration rate of liquid cooling: Internet and cloud computing promote the large-scale development of IDC Temperature control energy consumption is high, and temperature control energy saving is the key to reducing PUE. Air cooling is still the dominant technology, but liquid cooling is expected to gradually have better life-cycle economy, helping its penetration rate continue to increase.
In terms of temperature control of 5G base stations, 5G base stations have a lot of room for growth, and high heat dissipation promotes high demand for temperature control: the penetration rate of 5G users continues to increase, the scale of 5G base stations continues to grow and the growth space is large, the power consumption of 5G base stations is much greater than that of 4G, and the high heat dissipation area The demand for temperature control is growing rapidly. At present, air cooling is the main temperature control technology for 5G base stations, and 5G base stations reduce energy consumption as a trend, which is expected to gradually increase the penetration rate of liquid cooling.
In terms of temperature control of new energy vehicles, the penetration rate of new energy vehicles continues to increase, and liquid cooling has become the mainstream: the scale of new energy vehicles has gradually expanded, the penetration rate has risen, the power battery is greatly affected by temperature, and battery temperature control drives the value of new energy vehicles thermal management. improve. Liquid cooling has become the mainstream temperature control technology for new energy vehicles. Car companies have higher requirements for battery cooling, and the penetration rate of liquid cooling is expected to continue to rise.
Temperature control market space calculation:
Calculation of the power storage temperature control market space: It is estimated that the global power storage temperature control market scale will reach 1.762 billion yuan in 2022, of which air cooling and liquid cooling account for 67.56% and 32.44% respectively. It is estimated that the global power storage temperature control market will reach 9.100 billion yuan in 2025, of which air cooling and liquid cooling account for 46.83% and 53.17% respectively. From 2021 to 2025, the CAGR of the global power storage temperature control market will reach 103.65%.
Space calculation and results of the temperature control market for other tracks: In 2025, the temperature control market for other related tracks such as IDC, 5G base stations and new energy vehicles will total 244.591 billion yuan; CAGR will reach 15.19% in 2021-2025.
Energy storage temperature control is first-mover advantage in the short term, customization capability in the medium term, and is expected to be standardized in the long run: In the short term, enterprises benefit from the first-mover advantage, and technical similarity and portability determine the speed of temperature control in energy storage. In the medium term, the standardization of energy storage systems is low, the application environment is complex, and the corresponding temperature control customization is high. The customization capability depends on the richness of product series, control system R&D and design capabilities, integrated solution capabilities, overseas customer service and other factors. In the long run, pre-meter energy storage such as peak shaving and frequency regulation is expected to maintain a high proportion, and the cost sensitivity is high, and the demand for large-scale cost reduction is more urgent; and energy storage is classified according to physical characteristics, which is conducive to standardization. Therefore, energy storage The system is expected to achieve large-scale cost reduction through standardization, and promote the standardization of energy storage temperature control links.
