How does the change of temperature affect the charging and discharging performance of Li-ion battery? The effect of temperature on the discharge performance of the battery is directly reflected in the discharge capacity and discharge voltage. When the temperature decreases, the internal resistance of the battery increases, the electrochemical reaction slows down, the internal resistance of polarization increases rapidly, and the discharge capacity and discharge plateau of the battery decrease, which affects the power and energy output of the battery.
How does the change of temperature affect the charging and discharging performance of Li-ion battery?
Charging efficiency is affected by the charging multiplier and ambient temperature, charging current must be within a certain range when charging, the current is too small or too large charging multiplier will be reduced.
Discharge efficiency is the ratio of the actual power discharged to the end voltage to the rated capacity under certain discharge conditions, mainly affected by the discharge rate, ambient temperature, internal resistance and other factors, in general, the higher the discharge rate, the lower the discharge efficiency; the lower the temperature, the lower the discharge efficiency.
People in the general battery industry know that whether the charge and discharge state of lithium batteries is stable, the temperature change plays a big influence factor, lithium batteries are charged and discharged in high and low temperature environments, the capacity retention rate of lithium batteries has decreased.
The effect of temperature on the charge and discharge performance of lithium batteries
1, if the temperature drops, the reaction rate inside the lithium battery battery will drop, and the power output of the battery will also drop; if the temperature rises, the opposite, that is, the lithium battery battery output power will rise.
2, but if the temperature is too high more than 60 ℃, will destroy the chemical balance within the battery, resulting in side reactions; high temperature rechargeable battery materials will degrade the performance of the battery cycle life will also be greatly shortened.
3, in all the changing environmental factors, the ambient temperature has a greater impact on the charge and discharge performance of the battery, because the electrochemical reaction in the electrode/electrolyte interface is related to the ambient temperature, the electrode/electrolyte can be called the heart of the battery; when the temperature drops, the reaction rate of the electrode will drop.
The change in temperature directly affects the discharge performance of lithium batteries and the size of the capacity discharged out; the temperature decreases, the internal resistance of the battery increases, the electrochemical reaction slows down, the polarization internal resistance increases rapidly, the battery discharge capacity and discharge platform decreases, affecting the output of battery power and energy.
Many battery users are not aware that consumer-grade lithium batteries cannot be charged below 0°C. Although the battery pack appears to be charging normally, lithium metal plating may occur on the anode during the low-temperature charging process, and this plating is permanent and will not be eliminated with the charging cycle; lithium batteries are more likely to fail if exposed to vibration or other stress conditions, and advanced chargers can prevent lithium batteries from below the freezing temperature when charging.
For lithium batteries, the low-temperature conditions under the power capacity drops sharply, but in the case of high temperature under the power capacity is not lower than room temperature, and sometimes slightly higher than room temperature capacity, mainly because the high-temperature case lithium ion migration speed, lithium electrodes unlike nickel electrodes and and hydrogen storage electrodes in the case of high temperature decomposition or the formation of hydrogen gas so that the capacity drops.
When the battery module is discharged at low temperature, as the discharge proceeds, heat is generated due to resistance and other reasons, so that the battery temperature rises, which is reflected in the phenomenon of elevated voltage, and then the voltage gradually decreases as the discharge proceeds.
The best use temperature of lithium battery is 0~35℃, the low temperature environment will reduce the activity of lithium ion, the battery discharge capacity becomes weaker and the use time is shortened; if the lithium battery is in the low temperature environment for a short time, this damage is only temporary and will not damage the battery capacity. When the temperature rises, the performance will be restored.
If the lithium battery works and charges and discharges in a low-temperature environment for a long time, the surface of the battery anode will precipitate lithium metal, this process is irreversible and will cause permanent damage to the battery capacity; low-temperature hand will automatically shut down, on the one hand, for reasons of battery protection, on the other hand, it is also due to the manufacturing of its own battery is not qualified and aging.
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