Microrobots are typical microelectromechanical systems. Many achievements have been made in the research of micro-robots in the world. The development of micro-robot depends on micromachining technology, microsensor, microactuator and microstructure. The basic research of these four aspects has three stages: device development stage, component development stage, device and system development stage.
First, the walking mechanism of micro-robot
For a microrobot to walk (or crawl) automatically, it must have a walking mechanism. The walking mechanism of micro-robot mainly includes:
1. Wheeled walking mechanism is only suitable for driving on flat ground.
2, crawler walking mechanism, can drive on the uneven ground.
3. Walking with feet is the most commonly used four-legged and six-legged walking mechanism. If it is required to walk on uneven ground, the mechanism is more complex.
4, rely on inertia or automatic telescopic step peristaltic walking mechanism.
5, in the liquid propeller or other ways to push forward the driving mechanism.
Ii. Classification of micro-robots
There are three categories of microrobots currently under development:
1, fixed type micro robot: its appearance is like stones, trees, flowers and plants, equipped with a variety of the micro sensor, can detect the infrared radiation of human body, the ground vibration when walking, metal object movement caused by the magnetic field changes, and so on, and transmit signals to the central command, command control zone defense weapon attack automatically.
2. Mobile micro-robots: equipped with solar panels and computers, they can maneuver into enemy positions and die with the enemy according to preset procedures.
3. Biotype micro-robot: the research will install micro-sensors on animals or insects to form micro-biorobot, so that it can enter places where human beings cannot reach, and perform combat or reconnaissance tasks.
Since 1996, NASA, THE Jet Propulsion Laboratory, NASA/JPL, and DARPA have worked together to develop a series of programs for space and military microrobot research and development. For example, Sojourner landed on Mars in July 1997. It is 60 em long, 30 C1TI high and 30 C1TI wide, and weighs about 11 kg. It is equipped with cameras and various sensors.
