Advantages.
1. High safety performance. Safety is the most important thing, and this alone gives solid-state batteries a great advantage. So why are solid-state batteries safe? Because when the liquid electrolyte short-circuits, the temperature rises, igniting the electrolyte and causing an explosion. But solid state electrolyte is non-combustible, non-corrosive, non-volatile, and does not have the problem of leakage.
2. High energy density. High energy density is mainly because solid-state electrolytes generally have a wider electrochemical window, just like a small frame, so they can hold more high-voltage cathode materials. Together with the small size and stability of solid-state batteries, it can make battery management more simplified, and energy density will naturally be greatly improved.
3, relatively light. In traditional lithium-ion batteries, the diaphragm and electrolyte add up to nearly 40% of the volume and 25% of the mass of the battery, while the use of solid-state electrolyte naturally reduces the volume and mass.
4、Strong cycle performance. Solid state electrolyte solves the problem of solid electrolyte interface film formed by liquid electrolyte during charging and discharging and lithium dendrite phenomenon, which greatly improves the cycleability and service life of lithium batteries.
Disadvantages.
1. Excessive interfacial impedance. The interface between solid electrolyte and electrode material is solid-solid state, so the effective contact between electrode and electrolyte is weak, and the ion transport kinetics in solid matter is low.
2. Fast charging is more difficult. The problem of impedance and conductivity of the battery is manifested by the large internal resistance, which will hinder the charging, and because of the large internal resistance, it will cause the loss of energy during the charging process, and the waste of this energy is a problem that cannot be ignored.
3. High cost and price. Cost is the biggest factor preventing commercialization, there is no profit, naturally no market. Solid-state battery preparation process is not mature enough, battery use data collection is not comprehensive. Only in the all-solid-state battery electrolyte manufacturing, solid-solid interface optimization of the two core issues of technical immaturity is enough to make the cost of solid-state batteries remain high.
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