In recent years, with the development of science and technology and the improvement of people's awareness of environmental protection, various electric vehicles have sprung up in my country. Some people believe that electric vehicles are "zero pollution, zero emissions, and pure green" new vehicles, but others have suggested that the power lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles will cause great pollution to the natural environment after being "retired". So, are electric cars really more environmentally friendly? Where should its "retired" batteries go?
The first thing to be clear is that compared with traditional cars (such as gasoline cars, etc.), electric cars are indeed more environmentally friendly during use. Wu Zhixin, deputy director of the my country Automotive Research Center, said that in terms of the current state of my country's automotive development, the carbon emissions of electric vehicles are about 0.82 kg/kWh, while the carbon emissions of gasoline vehicles are generally 2.8 to 3.1 kg/liter. Comparing electric cars and gasoline cars of the same level, electric cars consume 13-15 kilowatt-hours of electricity per 100 kilometers, and gasoline cars consume 6 liters of fuel per 100 kilometers. Therefore, the carbon emissions per 100 kilometers of electric cars and gasoline cars are respectively It is 10.7-12 kg and 14.8-18.6 kg. It can be seen from this that electric vehicles are more environmentally friendly during use, but they will also cause certain pollution to the environment, which is not the "zero pollution, zero emission, and pure green" that people imagine.
In addition, the recycling problem of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles after “retirement” also needs to be solved urgently. If not handled properly, it will cause great harm to the environment. According to reports, according to the current use of electric vehicles in my country, about four years later, a large number of electric vehicles will have a need to replace batteries. By then, the cumulative scrap volume of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles in my country will reach 120,000 to 170,000 tons. Wu Feng, a doctoral supervisor in the School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, said that a 20-gram cell phone battery can pollute 1 square kilometer of land for about 50 years. If a dozen tons of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles are arbitrarily discarded In the natural environment, it will cause great pollution to the environment.
So, how to deal with these "retired" power lithium-ion batteries? The current ideal approach is: when the power lithium-ion battery reaches the service life specified by the country, it can be "cascaded use", such as making energy storage equipment for households, mobile power supplies, backup power supplies, emergency power supplies, etc. However, this method still has certain technical obstacles. According to reports, the difference between different batteries is very large, so "retired" batteries cannot be used in combination. At the same time, when “retired” batteries are used in “cascade utilization”, their capacity, voltage, internal resistance, etc. usually fall off a cliff with a few cycles, which brings great difficulties to subsequent use. Chen Yongchong, head of the Energy Storage Technology Research Group of the Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said frankly, “It is feasible to recycle'decommissioned' batteries in some small household battery cars, UPS (uninterruptible power systems), etc., but if you want to use them for storage In large-scale facilities such as power plants, we must also consider issues such as circulation and safety."
I believe that with the continuous development of the electric vehicle industry and the continuous improvement of power lithium-ion battery production technology, the pollution caused by electric vehicles to the environment will become less and less, let us wait and see!
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