Under the condition that the actual installed capacity of photovoltaic power station is certain, the power generation of photovoltaic system is determined by the solar radiation intensity, and the solar radiation quantity is positively correlated with the power generation. The intensity and spectral characteristics of solar radiation change with meteorological conditions. So, the factors that affect the generation of solar photovoltaic power stations are those.
1. Solar energy resources
Under the condition that the actual installed capacity of photovoltaic power station is certain, the power generation of photovoltaic system is determined by the solar radiation intensity, and the solar radiation quantity is positively correlated with the power generation. The intensity and spectral characteristics of solar radiation change with meteorological conditions.
2. Component installation mode
The radiation amount of the inclined plane at different installation angles in the same area is different. The radiation amount of the inclined plane can be increased by adjusting the inclination Angle of the panel (the bracket is fixed and adjustable) or installing a tracking device (the bracket is tracking).
3. Inverter capacity ratio
Inverter capacity ratio refers to the ratio between the rated power of the inverter and the capacity of the photovoltaic module.
Because the power generation of photovoltaic modules is transmitted to the inverter, there will be many links in the middle to cause reduction, and the inverter, box transformer and other equipment is not able to reach full load operation most of the time, therefore, the capacity of photovoltaic modules should be slightly greater than the rated capacity of the inverter. According to experience, PV module: inverter = 1.2:1 is an optimal design ratio in areas with better solar energy resources.
4. The series and parallel components match
A series component will cause a current loss due to the difference in the current of the component, and a series and parallel component will cause a voltage loss due to the difference in the voltage of the series.
5. Component occlusion
Component shielding includes dust shielding, snow shielding, weeds, trees, panels and other buildings and other shielding, shielding will reduce the amount of radiation received by the component, affect the heat dissipation of the component, thereby causing a decrease in the output power of the component, and may lead to hot spots.
6. Component temperature characteristics
With the increase of crystal silicon cell temperature, the open-circuit voltage decreases. In the range of 20-100℃, the voltage of each cell decreases by 2mV for every 1℃ increase. The current increases slightly with the increase of temperature. In general, the power of solar cells decreases with the increase of temperature. The typical power temperature coefficient is -0.35%/℃, that is, the power decreases by 0.35% with the increase of battery temperature by 1℃.
7. The component power deteriorates
The attenuation of the component power refers to the phenomenon that the output power of the component decreases gradually with the increase of the illumination time. Component decay is related to the characteristics of the component itself. The attenuation phenomena can be roughly divided into three categories: sudden attenuation of component power caused by destructive factors; Initial photoinduced attenuation of the component; Component aging decay.
8. Equipment operation stability
The equipment failure shutdown in the photovoltaic power generation system directly affects the power generation of the power station, such as the AC equipment above the inverter if the failure shutdown, then the loss of electricity will be huge. In addition, a device that is running but not operating at its best will also cause a loss of power.
9. Perform routine maintenance
Routine maintenance and repair is a necessary work of a power station. A good maintenance plan can reduce the loss of electricity. The power station should make reasonable maintenance time according to its own conditions, and improve the efficiency of maintenance to reduce the loss of power generation due to normal maintenance and maintenance.
10. Grid consumption
Due to the consumption of the power grid, photovoltaic power stations in some areas are required to operate with limited power.
Conclusion
The influencing factors of photovoltaic power generation with solar energy resources, component installation, inverter capacity ratio of components, parallel of component matching, block, component temperature characteristic, equipment, components, power attenuation given operational stability, routine maintenance and power grid, etc., these factors have different influence on power plant generating capacity.
