As the upsurge of new energy electric vehicles continues to hit, I believe that many friends who pay attention to new energy vehicles are no strangers to ternary lithium batteries. As a benchmark in the field of electric vehicles, the famous Tesla uses this kind of battery. When traditional car manufacturers switch to new energy vehicles, they use ternary lithium batteries without exception. The domestic battery giant BYD has been using lithium iron phosphate batteries for a long time, but officially announced in the past few years that it will focus on the development of ternary lithium batteries.
So, what exactly is a ternary lithium battery? What is a lithium iron phosphate battery? What is the difference between them? Let's take a look together.
1. Ternary lithium battery
A ternary lithium battery is a kind of lithium battery, except that its positive electrode is made of ternary materials (nickel salt, cobalt salt, manganese salt/lithium aluminate).
It has the advantages of good safety and stability, high energy density, and support for high-rate discharge. The moderate cost advantage also makes it widely used in small and medium-sized lithium batteries such as industrial equipment, digital electronic products, medical equipment, etc. /MP4, earphones, mobile phone charging treasures, notebook computers, electric toy cars) shows its strong development potential.
2. Lithium iron phosphate battery
Lithium iron phosphate battery is a type of lithium battery, and the positive electrode of this battery is made of iron phosphate. This battery can be charged and used immediately, no matter what state it is in. It is the safest lithium battery at present. No matter what kind of damage is caused to the inside or outside, the battery will not burn or explode, and the safety is the best. And non-toxic and non-polluting, green, absolutely reliable.
3. Data comparison between ternary lithium battery and lithium iron phosphate battery
1. In terms of battery cycle life: lithium iron phosphate battery > ternary lithium battery. The theoretical life of a ternary lithium battery is 2000 times, but in fact, when it enters 1000 cycles, the capacity has already decayed to 60%; even Tesla can only maintain 70% of the power after 3000 cycles. The lithium iron phosphate battery still has 80% of the power after the same cycle.
2. Both have their own strengths in terms of temperature. Although lithium iron phosphate batteries are resistant to high temperatures, ternary lithium batteries have better low temperature resistance and are the main technical route for manufacturing low-temperature lithium batteries. For example, in the environment of -20°C, the lithium iron phosphate battery can only release 54.94% of the capacity, while the ternary lithium battery can release 70.14% of the capacity.
3. Fast charging: lithium iron phosphate battery < ternary lithium battery. To measure the charging efficiency of the two, the ratio of the constant current charging power to the total battery capacity is called the constant current ratio. Lithium battery charging is to use current limiting and voltage limiting method, that is, constant current charging in the first stage, at this time, the current is large and the efficiency is high. After the constant current charging reaches a certain voltage, it enters the second stage of constant voltage charging. At this time, the current is small and the efficiency is low.
