Is it safe to use ternary lithium batteries in new energy vehicles? When it comes to pure electric vehicles, many people worry about battery life and battery safety, new energy vehicles have become the new favorite of major lithium battery manufacturers, and the market continues to heat up. Now commonly used by the new energy pure electric car battery, is the ternary lithium-ion battery. So ternary lithium-ion battery is safe or not? This article will give you the answer.
New energy vehicles commonly use ternary lithium batteries are safe?
Ternary lithium battery refers to the use of lithium nickel cobalt manganate as the cathode material, graphite as the negative electrode material of lithium batteries. Compared with lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium batteries have higher energy density, better low-temperature discharge and higher charging efficiency. Under high temperature conditions, the ternary lithium battery ternary materials will decompose at 200 ℃, resulting in a violent chemical reaction, releasing oxygen atoms, and under the action of high temperature is very easy to burn or explode phenomenon.
Ternary lithium batteries are also the choice of many big-name car companies. Such as the common Beiqi New Energy, BYD, Tesla, Lifan and other well-known car companies, the choice of this battery. From the technical level of the battery itself, although the ternary lithium battery than its two mainstream power battery energy density, the price is relatively low, but its safety is objectively lower than lithium iron phosphate and lithium manganese acid batteries.
A well-known brand of electric vehicles using ternary lithium batteries, although the battery management system is very powerful, but due to the stability of ternary lithium batteries are inherently relatively poor, even if it uses a safety protection design to strengthen the outer shield, cooling system, but it is still difficult to completely avoid the Tesla electric car spontaneous combustion accident occurred. This shows that the battery material technology route is also an important factor leading to the frequent occurrence of fires in new energy vehicles.
However, due to the ternary cathode material in the battery specific energy, specific power, large multiplier charging, low temperature performance and other aspects have advantages, ternary lithium battery in the cycle performance will also be better. In addition, from the perspective of adapting to the policy, the potential of ternary lithium-ion batteries will also be greater because the future requirements for energy density will be higher. Coupled with the battery management technology that is currently being enhanced by ternary lithium batteries, its safety performance is also naturally very secure.
With the national regulation and testing of new energy vehicles, the safety of new energy vehicles on the market is still very good, as long as the use of lithium batteries and charging in line with the regular process and method, there will not be too big a problem, before the domestic spontaneous combustion car is mostly a "black car" with insufficient safety index, and the driver in charging The use of the driver did not ensure the standard use.
What is the safety of ternary lithium batteries?
Tributary lithium battery thermal stability is poor, insist on less than 300 ℃ will decompose oxygen molecules, encounter the battery combustible electrolyte, carbon materials, the heat generated to further aggravate the decomposition of the anode, in a very short period of time will burst into flames. In contrast, another widely used lithium iron phosphate batteries can hold up to 700-800 ℃, and will not decompose oxygen molecules, much higher safety.
In passenger cars, I understand that many excellent companies have done an adequate job on the safety of ternary material lithium batteries. Our judgment of battery safety should be based on whether it can meet the safety requirements, not on the material. Ternary material battery has a variety of different formulations, different companies have different safety standards, can not simply say that ternary materials are not safe.
But whether it is ternary lithium batteries or lithium iron phosphate batteries, can not avoid the hidden danger of flammable and explosive. Simply put, lithium batteries in the charging and discharging process will generate a lot of heat, which will lead to an increase in the internal temperature of the battery and uneven temperature between the single battery, resulting in the new energy instability of the battery.
In summary: safety is the basis of industrial development, so how to ensure the safe use of ternary lithium-ion batteries has become a hot issue in battery research. Domestic electric vehicle fire accidents occur frequently, the only quality improvement is the long-term plan of ternary lithium battery enterprises.
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