Yasemino Zkan-Aydin, a robotics researcher at the University of Notre Dame, has created a four-legged robot that looks like a robotic ant in shape, though two legs are missing. Inspired by the collective behavior of biological systems such as ants, bees and birds, these robots work together to solve problems and overcome obstacles. Researchers have designed multi-legged robots that can operate in difficult environments and perform tasks in groups.
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Legged robots appeal to researchers because they can navigate challenging environments, including rough terrain and tight Spaces. Their limbs are used to support their balance while achieving mobility and the ability to leap over obstacles. However, the researchers had to overcome some challenges unique to leg-based robots, which can lead to performance degradation.
Ozkan-aydin's research is based on the assumption that establishing physical connections between individual robots will improve the systemic mobility of the robot's legs when moving together. Individual robots can perform small and simple tasks, such as moving on smooth surfaces and carrying lightweight objects. However, for tasks beyond the capabilities of a single robot, robots can overcome obstacles by physically connecting to form a larger multi-legged system.
One example used is how ants use their bodies to create a bridge across the gap, allowing the colony to cross. Ozkan-aydin builds 3D-printed robots that are 15 to 20 centimeters long, each equipped with a lithium polymer battery. In addition to batteries for power, each robot has its own microcontroller and three sensors.
The sensors include a light sensor on the front of the robot and a pair of magnetic touch sensors on the front and rear. When a single robot gets stuck, it signals to other robots that link together to provide support to get around obstacles. The system needs to be improved and research is ongoing.
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