On November 10, China and the United States issued the Glasgow Joint Declaration on Intensified Climate Action in the 2020s on the sidelines of the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow. The two sides appreciated the work done so far and pledged to continue working together and with all parties to strengthen the implementation of the Paris Agreement. On the basis of the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities and taking into account national conditions, enhanced climate action should be taken to effectively address the climate crisis. The two sides agreed to establish a working Group on Enhanced Climate Action for the 2020s to promote bilateral cooperation on climate change and the multilateral process.
November 11, the ecological environment has released "about China and the United States in the 2020 s to strengthen climate action of Glasgow joint declaration, which mentioned in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and the two countries will work in the following aspects, including encourage the integration of solar energy energy storage and other closer to the power consumption of clean energy solutions for distributed generation policy.
Details are as follows:
1. The United States and China recall the Joint Statement on Climate Crisis issued on 17 April 2021. The two countries are committed to the effective implementation of the statement and appreciate the depth of the work carried out so far and the significance of the ongoing discussions.
Ii. Under the warning of the Working Group I report of the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released on August 9, 2021, China and the United States have further recognized the seriousness and urgency of the climate crisis. The two countries are committed to addressing the climate crisis through their respective accelerated actions in the critical decade of the 2020s and through cooperation in multilateral processes, including the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, to avoid catastrophic impacts.
3. The United States and China recall their commitment to work together and with others to strengthen the implementation of the Paris Agreement. They also recall that the Objective of the Paris Agreement is to hold the increase in global average temperature below 2°C and to strive to limit it to 1.5°C, in accordance with Article II of the Agreement. To this end, the two sides commit to work, including through enhanced and intensified climate action in the 2020s within the framework of the Paris Agreement, to make the above temperature limit targets achievable, and to work together to identify and address related challenges and opportunities.
Going forward, China and the United States welcome significant global efforts to address the climate crisis. However, it is also recognized that significant gaps remain between these efforts and their overall impact and the efforts needed to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. The two sides stressed the importance of bridging this gap as soon as possible, particularly through upgrading efforts. The two countries have announced plans to intensify and accelerate climate action and cooperation, individually, together and with other countries, to close the gap, including accelerating the green and low-carbon transition and climate technology innovation, in this decisive decade, depending on their circumstances.
5. The two sides plan to seize this critical moment to engage in expanding their respective and joint efforts to accelerate the transition to a global net zero economy.
6. The two sides recall their plans to continue discussions on specific mitigation actions for the 2020s around the 26th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to ensure that the temperature rise limits consistent with the Paris Agreement are met. With this clear purpose in mind, and with the expectation that specific forms of cooperation, including the formulation of specific targets, indicators, policies and measures, will significantly contribute to emission reduction, the two sides plan to carry out the following actions and cooperation:
Vii. Both sides plan to cooperate in the following areas:
(I) Regulatory frameworks and environmental standards related to greenhouse gas emission reduction in the 2020s;
(II) Maximizing the social benefits of the clean energy transition;
(c) incentive policies to decarbonize and electrify end-user industries;
(iv) Key areas related to circular economy, such as green design and renewable resource utilization;
(v) Deployment and application of technologies such as carbon capture, utilization, storage and direct air capture.
8. In particular, the two countries recognize the significant impact of methane emissions on global warming and consider increased action to control and reduce methane emissions as a necessity in the 2020s. To do this:
(I) The two countries plan to work together to improve measurement of methane emissions; Exchange information on their policies and plans to strengthen methane control; And promote joint research on methane mitigation challenges and solutions.
(II) The US side has announced its methane Reduction Action plan.
(c) Taking into account the above cooperation, the two sides will take the following actions prior to the 27th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, as appropriate:
1. The two sides plan to develop additional measures at national and subnational levels to strengthen methane emissions control.
2. In addition to its recently announced Nationally determined Contributions, China plans to develop a comprehensive and ambitious national methane action plan with a view to achieving significant results in controlling and reducing methane emissions by the 2020s.
D. China and the United States plan to convene a joint meeting in the first half of 2022 to focus on enhanced methane measurement and mitigation, including through standards to reduce methane emissions from the fossil energy and waste industries, and through incentives and programs to reduce agricultural methane emissions.
Ix. To reduce carbon dioxide emissions:
(I) The two countries plan to cooperate in the following areas:
1. Support policies that effectively integrate high-share, low-cost, intermittent renewable energy;
2. Transmission policies that encourage effective balance between power supply and demand across broad geographical areas;
3. Distributed generation policies that encourage the integration of solar, energy storage and other clean energy solutions closer to the end of electricity usage;
4. Energy efficiency policies and standards to reduce electricity waste.
(II) The United States has set a goal of 100% carbon-free electricity generation by 2035.
3. China will gradually reduce coal consumption during the 15th Five-year Plan period and will do its utmost to speed up this work.
10. Both countries recognise that eradicating global illegal deforestation will contribute to the achievement of the Paris Goals and welcome the Glasgow Leaders' Declaration on Forests and Land Use. The two sides plan to work together to support the elimination of illegal deforestation worldwide through the effective implementation of their respective laws against illegal imports.
11. Both sides recall their respective commitments to terminate international coal power support without emissions-reduction facilities.
12. With regard to the 26TH Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the two countries support a strong, balanced and inclusive outcome on mitigation, adaptation and support by sending a clear signal that parties to the Paris Agreement:
A. Commit to addressing the climate crisis by strengthening the implementation of the Paris Agreement, reflecting the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, taking into account different national circumstances;
(2) review aimed at the Paris agreement will control the global average temperature rise within less than 2 ℃, and efforts to limit within 1.5 ℃, promised to make efforts, including the key ten years with the strength of the action, in order to make the temperature rise limit goal can be achieved, including the necessary report or update the 2030 national independent contribution and long-term strategy;
C. Recognize the importance of adaptation in addressing the climate crisis, including by further discussing the Global Adaptation Goals and promoting their effective implementation, as well as scaling up financial and capacity building support for adaptation actions in developing countries;
(iv) resolve to ensure that their collective and individual efforts take into account, inter alia, the best available science.
13. The two countries attach importance to the commitment of developed countries to collectively mobilize US $100 billion per year by 2020 and through 2025 in response to the needs of developing countries, within the framework of meaningful mitigation actions and transparency in implementation, and stress the importance of meeting this target as soon as possible.
14. At the 26th Conference of the Parties (COP) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the two countries will work together to finalize the implementation rules of Articles 6 and 13 of the Paris Agreement, as well as the common time frame for Nationally determined Contributions.
15. The two countries plan to report their nationally determined Contributions for 2035 in 2025.
16. The two sides plan to establish a working Group on Enhanced Climate Action for the 2020s, which will meet regularly to address the climate crisis and advance the multilateral process, with a focus on enhanced concrete actions during this decade. This may include continuing to carry out the policy and technology exchange, to identify the interests of both sides of programs and projects, intergovernmental and non-governmental experts meeting, promote the local government, enterprise, a think-tank, academics and other experts to participate in, to compare their countries to the latest progress, considering the need of extra effort, and evaluate the joint declaration and the situation of the implementation of the joint declaration.
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