What material is used to make the separator of lithium battery
In the structure of lithium battery, the barrier is one of the key inner components. The function of the barrier determines the interface structure and internal resistance of the battery, which directly affects the capacity, cycle and safety function of the battery, etc. The excellent function of the barrier has an important effect on improving the overall function of the battery. The main effect of the barrier is to separate the positive and negative poles of the battery to avoid short circuiting by touching the north and south poles, and also has the function of enabling the electrolyte ions to pass through. Barrier material is non-conductive, its physical and chemical properties have a great impact on the function of the battery. Different types of batteries, the choice of barrier is also different. For the lithium battery series, since the electrolyte is an organic solvent system, it requires a barrier material that is resistant to organic solvents, and generally uses a high-strength thin film of polyolefin porous film.
The requirements of lithium battery barrier
First, with electronic insulation, to ensure the mechanical isolation of positive and negative poles.
Second, a certain pore size and porosity, to ensure low resistance and high ionic conductivity, and good permeability to lithium ions.
Third, because the solvent of the electrolyte is a strong polar organic compounds, the barrier is necessary to resist corrosion of the electrolyte, and has sufficient chemical and electrochemical stability.
Fourth, good wettability of the electrolyte and has the ability to meet the absorption of liquid moisture.
Fifth, has the mechanical function to meet, including puncture strength, tensile strength, etc., but the thickness as small as possible.
Sixth, good spatial stability and flatness.
Seven, thermal stability and active shutdown maintenance function is good. Power batteries have higher requirements for the divider, and generally choose composite film.
The effect of lithium battery divider
This barrier is to avoid the passage of electrons, so that the electrons can only go outside the circuit, so that the external circuit will occur in the current. However, this barrier can allow lithium ions to pass through.
Lithium battery barrier can also avoid direct contact between the positive and negative electrodes, if the positive and negative electrodes directly touch, it will short circuit, so the battery may explode and catch fire.
In the process of using lithium batteries, do not bend the battery, do not pierce the battery, which is likely to break the barrier.
If the compartment of the lithium battery is broken, it is very risky.
Lithium battery is a kind of excellent battery function, the high energy density of this battery, and the weight is relatively light.
We usually use cell phones, tablet computers, laptops using batteries are lithium batteries.
There are two types of lithium batteries used in pure electric cars, one is lithium iron phosphate, the other is ternary lithium batteries.
Ternary lithium batteries have a higher energy density than lithium iron phosphate batteries, but the safety of lithium iron phosphate batteries is better than lithium ternary batteries.
Ternary lithium batteries start burning at 200 degrees Celsius, but lithium iron phosphate batteries start burning at 800 degrees Celsius.
Most pure electric cars are using ternary lithium batteries, because this battery is lighter weight and higher energy density.
And many car manufacturers have done a lot of work to improve the safety of ternary lithium batteries.
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